JavaScript文件里的类型检查 ​

/** @type {number} */
var x;

x = 0;      // OK
x = false;  // Error: boolean is not assignable to number

class C {
    constructor() {
        this.constructorOnly = 0
        this.constructorUnknown = undefined
    }
    method() {
        this.constructorOnly = false // error, constructorOnly is a number
        this.constructorUnknown = "plunkbat" // ok, constructorUnknown is string | undefined
        this.methodOnly = 'ok'  // ok, but methodOnly could also be undefined
    }
    method2() {
        this.methodOnly = true  // also, ok, methodOnly's type is string | boolean | undefined
    }
}

class C {
    constructor() {
        /** @type {number | undefined} */
        this.prop = undefined;
        /** @type {number | undefined} */
        this.count;
    }
}

let c = new C();
c.prop = 0;          // OK
c.count = "string";  // Error: string is not assignable to number|undefined

function C() {
    this.constructorOnly = 0
    this.constructorUnknown = undefined
}
C.prototype.method = function() {
    this.constructorOnly = false // error
    this.constructorUnknown = "plunkbat" // OK, the type is string | undefined
}

// same as `import module "fs"`
const fs = require("fs");

// same as `export function readFile`
module.exports.readFile = function(f) {
  return fs.readFileSync(f);
}

class C {
}
C.D = class {
}

function Outer() {
  this.y = 2
}
Outer.Inner = function() {
  this.yy = 2
}

var ns = {}
ns.C = class {
}
ns.func = function() {
}

// 立即调用的函数表达式
var ns = (function (n) {
  return n || {};
})();
ns.CONST = 1

// defaulting to global
var assign = assign || function() {
  // code goes here
}
assign.extra = 1

var obj = { a: 1 };
obj.b = 2;  // Allowed

/** @type {{a: number}} */
var obj = { a: 1 };
obj.b = 2;  // Error, type {a: number} does not have property b

function Foo(i = null) {
    if (!i) i = 1;
    var j = undefined;
    j = 2;
    this.l = [];
}
var foo = new Foo();
foo.l.push(foo.i);
foo.l.push("end");

function bar(a, b) {
  console.log(a + " " + b);
}

bar(1);       // OK, second argument considered optional
bar(1, 2);
bar(1, 2, 3); // Error, too many arguments

/**
 * @param {string} [somebody] - Somebody's name.
 */
function sayHello(somebody) {
    if (!somebody) {
        somebody = 'John Doe';
    }
    console.log('Hello ' + somebody);
}

sayHello();

/** @param {...number} args */
function sum(/* numbers */) {
    var total = 0
    for (var i = 0; i < arguments.length; i++) {
      total += arguments[i]
    }
    return total
}

import { Component } from "react";

class MyComponent extends Component {
    render() {
        this.props.b; // Allowed, since this.props is of type any
    }
}

import { Component } from "react";

/**
 * @augments {Component<{a: number}, State>}
 */
class MyComponent extends Component {
    render() {
        this.props.b; // Error: b does not exist on {a:number}
    }
}

/** @type{Array} */
var x = [];

x.push(1);        // OK
x.push("string"); // OK, x is of type Array<any>

/** @type{Array.<number>} */
var y = [];

y.push(1);        // OK
y.push("string"); // Error, string is not assignable to number

var p = new Promise((resolve, reject) => { reject() });

p; // Promise<any>;

/**
 * @type {string}
 */
var s;

/** @type {Window} */
var win;

/** @type {PromiseLike<string>} */
var promisedString;

// You can specify an HTML Element with DOM properties
/** @type {HTMLElement} */
var myElement = document.querySelector(selector);
element.dataset.myData = '';

/**
 * @type {(string | boolean)}
 */
var sb;

/**
 * @type {string | boolean}
 */
var sb;

/** @type {number[]} */
var ns;
/** @type {Array.<number>} */
var nds;
/** @type {Array<number>} */
var nas;

/** @type {{ a: string, b: number }} */
var var9;

/**
 * A map-like object that maps arbitrary `string` properties to `number`s.
 *
 * @type {Object.<string, number>}
 */
var stringToNumber;

/** @type {Object.<number, object>} */
var arrayLike;

/** @type {function(string, boolean): number} Closure syntax */
var sbn;
/** @type {(s: string, b: boolean) => number} Typescript syntax */
var sbn2;

/** @type {Function} */
var fn7;
/** @type {function} */
var fn6;

/**
 * @type {*} - can be 'any' type
 */
var star;
/**
 * @type {?} - unknown type (same as 'any')
 */
var question;

/**
 * @type {number | string}
 */
var numberOrString = Math.random() < 0.5 ? "hello" : 100;
var typeAssertedNumber = /** @type {number} */ (numberOrString)

/**
 * @param p { import("./a").Pet }
 */
function walk(p) {
    console.log(`Walking ${p.name}...`);
}

/**
 * @typedef { import("./a").Pet } Pet
 */

/**
 * @type {Pet}
 */
var myPet;
myPet.name;

/**
 * @type {typeof import("./a").x }
 */
var x = require("./a").x;

// Parameters may be declared in a variety of syntactic forms
/**
 * @param {string}  p1 - A string param.
 * @param {string=} p2 - An optional param (Closure syntax)
 * @param {string} [p3] - Another optional param (JSDoc syntax).
 * @param {string} [p4="test"] - An optional param with a default value
 * @return {string} This is the result
 */
function stringsStringStrings(p1, p2, p3, p4){
  // TODO
}

/**
 * @return {PromiseLike<string>}
 */
function ps(){}

/**
 * @returns {{ a: string, b: number }} - May use '@returns' as well as '@return'
 */
function ab(){}

/**
 * @typedef {Object} SpecialType - creates a new type named 'SpecialType'
 * @property {string} prop1 - a string property of SpecialType
 * @property {number} prop2 - a number property of SpecialType
 * @property {number=} prop3 - an optional number property of SpecialType
 * @prop {number} [prop4] - an optional number property of SpecialType
 * @prop {number} [prop5=42] - an optional number property of SpecialType with default
 */
/** @type {SpecialType} */
var specialTypeObject;

/**
 * @typedef {object} SpecialType1 - creates a new type named 'SpecialType1'
 * @property {string} prop1 - a string property of SpecialType1
 * @property {number} prop2 - a number property of SpecialType1
 * @property {number=} prop3 - an optional number property of SpecialType1
 */
/** @type {SpecialType1} */
var specialTypeObject1;

/**
 * @param {Object} options - The shape is the same as SpecialType above
 * @param {string} options.prop1
 * @param {number} options.prop2
 * @param {number=} options.prop3
 * @param {number} [options.prop4]
 * @param {number} [options.prop5=42]
 */
function special(options) {
  return (options.prop4 || 1001) + options.prop5;
}

/**
 * @callback Predicate
 * @param {string} data
 * @param {number} [index]
 * @returns {boolean}
 */
/** @type {Predicate} */
const ok = s => !(s.length % 2);

/** @typedef {{ prop1: string, prop2: string, prop3?: number }} SpecialType */
/** @typedef {(data: string, index?: number) => boolean} Predicate */

/**
 * @template T
 * @param {T} x - A generic parameter that flows through to the return type
 * @return {T}
 */
function id(x){ return x }

/**
 * @template T,U,V
 * @template W,X
 */

/**
 * @template {string} K - K must be a string or string literal
 * @template {{ serious(): string }} Seriousalizable - must have a serious method
 * @param {K} key
 * @param {Seriousalizable} object
 */
function seriousalize(key, object) {
  // ????
}

/**
 * @constructor
 * @param {number} data
 */
function C(data) {
  this.size = 0;
  this.initialize(data); // Should error, initializer expects a string
}
/**
 * @param {string} s
 */
C.prototype.initialize = function (s) {
  this.size = s.length
}

var c = new C(0);
var result = C(1); // C should only be called with new

/**
 * @this {HTMLElement}
 * @param {*} e
 */
function callbackForLater(e) {
    this.clientHeight = parseInt(e) // should be fine!
}

/**
 * @template T
 * @extends {Set<T>}
 */
class SortableSet extends Set {
  // ...
}

/** @enum {number} */
const JSDocState = {
  BeginningOfLine: 0,
  SawAsterisk: 1,
  SavingComments: 2,
}

/** @enum {function(number): number} */
const Math = {
  add1: n => n + 1,
  id: n => -n,
  sub1: n => n - 1,
}

var someObj = {
  /**
   * @param {string} param1 - Docs on property assignments work
   */
  x: function(param1){}
};

/**
 * As do docs on variable assignments
 * @return {Window}
 */
let someFunc = function(){};

/**
 * And class methods
 * @param {string} greeting The greeting to use
 */
Foo.prototype.sayHi = (greeting) => console.log("Hi!");

/**
 * And arrow functions expressions
 * @param {number} x - A multiplier
 */
let myArrow = x => x * x;

/**
 * Which means it works for stateless function components in JSX too
 * @param {{a: string, b: number}} test - Some param
 */
var fc = (test) => <div>{test.a.charAt(0)}</div>;

/**
 * A parameter can be a class constructor, using Closure syntax.
 *
 * @param {{new(...args: any[]): object}} C - The class to register
 */
function registerClass(C) {}

/**
 * @param {...string} p1 - A 'rest' arg (array) of strings. (treated as 'any')
 */
function fn10(p1){}

/**
 * @param {...string} p1 - A 'rest' arg (array) of strings. (treated as 'any')
 */
function fn9(p1) {
  return p1.join();
}

function aNormalFunction() {

}
/**
 * @type {aNormalFunction}
 */
var wrong;
/**
 * Use 'typeof' instead:
 * @type {typeof aNormalFunction}
 */
var right;

/**
 * @type {{ a: string, b: number= }}
 */
var wrong;
/**
 * Use postfix question on the property name instead:
 * @type {{ a: string, b?: number }}
 */
var right;

/**
 * @type {?number}
 * With strictNullChecks: true -- number | null
 * With strictNullChecks: off  -- number
 */
var nullable;

/**
 * @type {!number}
 * Just has type number
 */
var normal;